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1. **Law/Legislation in South Africa addressing poor access to clean water:**
- The law identified is the **National Water Act of 1998**. This law aims to ensure that water resources are protected, used, developed, conserved, managed, and controlled in a sustainable and equitable manner for the benefit of all South Africans. It specifically addresses issues related to water access, quality, and management, promoting the right to clean water for all citizens.
2. **Three issues in a community due to unequal access to clean water and ways to address them from a human rights perspective:**
- **Health Concerns:** Unequal access to clean water can lead to waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid. To address this, communities can advocate for improved sanitation facilities, regular water testing, and access to clean water sources as a fundamental human right.
- **Educational Impact:** Lack of clean water can result in school absenteeism due to illnesses caused by contaminated water. Addressing this issue involves ensuring schools have proper water supply systems, hygiene education programs, and safe drinking water sources to uphold the right to education for all children.
- **Social Inequality:** Unequal access to clean water can deepen social divides within a community, affecting marginalized groups disproportionately. To address this, initiatives focusing on equitable distribution of water resources, community participation in decision-making processes, and awareness campaigns about water rights can help promote social justice and human rights principles.
By implementing these measures and upholding human rights principles, communities can work towards ensuring equal access to clean water for all, improving health, education, and social well-being within the population.
