Respuesta :
The kind of genes an organism possesses is determined primarily by its genetic makeup, which is inherited from its parents. Genes are segments of DNA that encode specific traits or characteristics, such as eye color, height, or susceptibility to certain diseases. The genetic information carried by genes is passed down from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.
Several factors influence the genetic makeup of an organism:
Inheritance: Offspring inherit genes from their parents through the combination of genetic material from both parents during sexual reproduction. Each parent contributes one set of genes, half from the mother and half from the father, to their offspring.
Genetic Variation: Genetic variation occurs due to the reshuffling of genetic material during sexual reproduction and the occurrence of mutations. Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to new variations in genes, contributing to genetic diversity within a population.
Genetic Recombination: Genetic recombination, which occurs during meiosis, leads to the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. This process results in the formation of genetically unique gametes (sperm and egg cells) with combinations of genes different from those of the parents.
Environmental Influences: While genes play a significant role in determining an organism's traits, environmental factors can also influence gene expression and phenotype (observable characteristics). Environmental conditions such as nutrition, temperature, exposure to toxins, and social interactions can affect how genes are expressed and contribute to phenotypic variation.
Overall, the genetic makeup of an organism is influenced by a combination of inheritance, genetic variation, genetic recombination, and environmental influences. Together, these factors determine the kind of genes an organism possesses and ultimately shape its phenotype and characteristics.Answer:
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