Philip Randolph was an African American who vehemently supported labor rights to African American that suffered from unfair labor practices, he was a leader of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which was a labor union mainly composed of African Americas that wanted to improve the working conditions of African American railroad porters and maids employed by the Pullman Company. His efforts eventually paid off: in 1941 the Executive Order 8802 was issued, banning discrimination in the nation's defense industry and establishing the Fair Employment Practice Committee. Likewise, in 1981, the Executive Order 9981 was issued, ending segregation in the armed services.
Furthermore, in 1963 he also organized and led The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom that advocated for the civil and economic rights of African Americans and at which Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his "I Have A Dream" speech.
James Leonard Farmer Jr. was also an African American and a leader in the Civil Right Movement. He served alongside Martin Luther King Jr, organizing and leading nonviolent protests to dismantle segregation. In 1942, he co-founded the Committee of Racial Equality, now called the Congress of Racial Equality, that aimed at bringing about equality for all people. Likewise, in 1961, he organized the first group of civil rights activists who rode desegregated interstate buses in the South, called the Freedom Riders, and whose efforts eventually led to the full desegregation of interstate transportation in the United States.
