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Anatolia, in geography known as Asia Minor, Asian Turkey, Anatolian peninsula, or Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey. The conquest of the Seljuk Turks was the most important factor in the start of the Christian Crusades to reconquer Jerusalem. This was the result of the Asia minor.
The pope called for a crusade against the Turks was a result of the conquest of Asia Minor by the Seljuk Turks in the 11th century which was reaction on the ask for helped from yzantine emperor Alexios Komnen