Yes. Only if joe made the statements meaning to harm Jeff's reputatation, Jeff can win.
False remarks about a person, place, or thing that harm its reputation are sent to a third party in a defamatory act. Slander can be spoken orally or in writing (libel). It is either illegal or a tort. Different nations and jurisdictions have very different legal definitions of defamation and associated activities, as well as very different approaches to dealing with them.
Several actions are covered by defamation laws, including:
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