Hofmann Product : A regioselective reaction's less substituted alkene product. except when the base and substrate are both sterically hindered, in which case the more substituted alkene (Zaitsev product) is the minor product.
Zaitsev Product : A regioselective reaction's more substituted alkene product. If neither the substrate nor the base are sterically hindered, the major product is the less substituted alkene (Hofmann product), not the Zaitsev product.
Alkyl groups can be positioned on the disubstituted alkene in the trans (opposite), cis (same side), and geminal (on one carbon atom) positions. The most substituted alkene will therefore have more carbon neighbors that are alkyl groups. The alkene with the fewest substitutions will have more hydrogen atoms than carbon atoms as neighbors.
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