The capacity of the gene's DNA to base-pair with a complementary sequence on another nucleic acid molecule is utilized in nucleic acid hybridization to identify the gene's DNA.
What is nucleic acid hybridization?
Single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules anneal to complementary DNA or RNA during the process known as hybridization (or hybridisation) in molecular biology. Under physiological settings, a double-stranded DNA sequence is typically stable, but altering these conditions in the lab will cause the molecules to break into single strands. In addition to being complimentary to one another, these strands might also be complementary to other sequences in the area. The single-stranded molecules are able to "hybridize" or anneal to one another when the environment's temperature is lowered.
Nucleotide hybridization is essential for DNA replication and transcription of DNA into RNA, as well as for molecular biology methods including Southern and Northern blots, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the majority of DNA sequencing methods.
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