reconstruction-era governments had a genuine interest in rebuilding the war-ravaged south and expanding public services, particularly the establishment of free public schools for blacks and whites. the failure of reconstruction, however, meant that african americans' struggle for equality and freedom was put on hold until the 20th century-when it became a matter for the entire nation, not just the south.

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The Reconstruction era, which began after the American Civil War (1861–1865) and  was a time in American history and address the political, social, and economic repercussions of slavery during Reconstruction.

The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution (the Reconstruction era Amendments) were passed during this time period, presumably guaranteeing the newly freed slaves (freedmen) the same civil rights as those of white people and ending the last Confederate secession in the South. After a year of violent attacks on Black people in the South, Congress federalized the protection of civil rights in 1866 and put states that had previously supported secession under the command of the American military. Former Confederate states were then Reconstruction era to adopt protections for freedmen's civil rights before they could be readmitted to the Union. Republican coalitions aimed to reshape Southern culture in almost all of the former Confederate states. Both the Freedmen's Bureau and the American Army worked to construct a post-slavery free labor economy, uphold the legal rights of freedmen, bargain employment agreements, and support the development of networks of churches and schools. Numerous Northerners, also known as "Carpetbaggers," relocated to the South to work on Reconstruction era social and economic initiatives.

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