factor out the GCF of the polynomial[tex]15 {x}^{6} {y}^{3} + 10 {x}^{5} {y}^{4} + 5 {x}^{4} {y}^{2} [/tex]

GCF is the greatest factor that divides the polynomial completely.
The given polynomial is,
[tex]15x^6y^3+10x^5y^4+5x^4y^2[/tex]Expand the polynomial.
[tex]5\times3x^4x^2y^2y+5\times2x^4^{}xy^2y^2+5x^4y^2[/tex]Take the common factor of the terms outside.
[tex]5x^4y^2(3x^2y+2xy^2+1)[/tex]The common factor outside of the brackest is the GCF.
Therefore, the GCF is,
[tex]5x^4y^2[/tex]