[tex]\begin{gathered} f(x)=n^x \\ \\ f\mleft(x\mright)=an^{\mleft\{\mleft(x-h\mright)\mright\}}+k \end{gathered}[/tex]
k < 0: shifted the grpah k units down
h >0 : shifted the graph h units tot he right
a= -1: reflected the graph about the x-axis
[tex]f(x)=8^x[/tex]
a) f(x) is shifted 9 units downward
[tex]y=8^x-9[/tex]
b) f(x) is shifted 4 units to the right.
[tex]y=8^{(x-4)}[/tex]
c) f(x) is reflected about the x-axis:
[tex]y=-8^x[/tex]
