Dissociation in chemistry is a general process in which complexes, molecules, or salts are separated into smaller molecules, ions, or radicals, usually in a reversible manner.
For hydrochloric acid (HCl) we will have the following dissociation equation
[tex]\begin{gathered} HCl\rightarrow H^++Cl^- \\ Hydrochloricacid\rightarrow HydrogenCation+ChlorideAnion \end{gathered}[/tex]For the salt, potassium sulfate we will have:
[tex]\begin{gathered} K_2SO_4\rightarrow2K^++SO^{-2}_4 \\ Potassiumsulfate\rightarrow PotassiumCation+SulfateIon \end{gathered}[/tex]