The type of enzyme that is able to phosphorylate a key protein regulating the cell cycle is the cyclin CDK complex.
Protein phosphorylation plays a key role in cell signaling, gene expression, and differentiation. Protein phosphorylation is also involved in the global control of DNA replication during the cell cycle, as well as in mechanisms that overcome stress-induced replication blocks.
CDK triggers the phosphorylation of serine and threonine amino acid residues called serine kinases. Cyclin is one of the activators of CDK, which forms the CDK complex with the catalytic sub-unit of CDK. Because CDK activation is so important in phase transitions in the cell cycle, its activation results from the convergence of organic chemical reaction pathways.
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