In prokaryotes, several ribosomes can simultaneously translate a single mRNA molecule in a complex called a polysome.
In rare circumstances, many ribosomes can attach to the same mRNA and produce proteins concurrently. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes both exhibit this mechanism. A polysome is an mRNA structure that has many ribosomes coupled to it. Prokaryotic having double-row structures has been discovered in bacterial polysomes. Through smaller subunits, the ribosomes interact with one another in this shape. The course of these double-row structures is often "sinusoidal" (zigzag) or 3-D helical.
While inclusion bodies are clusters of dense, spherical proteins that develop in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes as a result of heterologous protein overexpression, polysomes are an aggregation of ribosomes that takes place in the presence of a high magnesium concentration.
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