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When economists say that an individual or country has the comparative advantage in the production of a good, it means that they: are the lowest-opportunity-cost producer of the good.

What is Comparative Advantage?

Comparative advantage is the ability of a country to produce a good or service for a lower opportunity cost than other countries.

Comparative advantage refers to the ability to produce goods and services at a lower opportunity cost, not necessarily at a greater volume or quality. Comparative advantage is a key insight that trade will still occur even if one country has an absolute advantage in all products.

Opportunity cost measures a trade-off. A nation with a comparative advantage makes the trade-off worthwhile. This means the benefits of buying its good or service outweigh the disadvantages. The country may not be the best at producing something, but the good or service has a low opportunity cost for other countries to import.

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