Explanation:
The moment of A about B is given by the formula
[tex]M=Fd[/tex]
where M is the moment, F is the force acting perpandicular to the axis of rotation about B by A, and d is the horizontal distance of A from B along the axis of rotation.
Now
[tex]F=230 (N)[/tex]
(a) At X,
[tex]M=(230)(4/2)=460 (Nm)[/tex]
(b) At 0.5m from X,
[tex]M=(230)(2-0.5)=345 (Nm)[/tex]
(c) At Y,
[tex]M=-(230)(2)=-460 (Nm)[/tex]
where negative sign indicates clockwise rotation of the child about Z.
(d) At Z,
[tex]M=(230)(0)=0 (Nm)[/tex]