Hi. You did not submit the text to which this question refers, which makes it impossible for it to be answered. However, I will try and help as best I can.
To answer this question you will need to read all the text related to it. After doing this reading, you will then identify the theme of the text, which is the message, the lesson which the text wants to convey to the reader. The devices used in the text must be related to this theme, highlighting it and leaving it more profound and impactful.
In relation to artifices, the author will use irony when presenting a situation different from what was expected, a situation that is unexpected for the characters, but known by the reader, or even a situation that intends to criticize something in a jocular way. Symbolism will be presented in a text when the author seeks to convey meaning through objects and elements presented in the story. The paradox will be presented when the author presents two elements that contradict each other in the same element of the story.
The plot of a story corresponds to the whole story and the way it was organized. Character characterization can be direct (when the character's characteristics are presented directly by the narrator) or indirect (when the character's characteristics are presented in an indirect way, by the character's actions or behaviors). The narration style can be omniscient (when the narrator knows all the elements, situations, story events and thoughts of all the characters) or limited (when the narrator only knows some elements related to a character and the events that that character participates). The narration can also be in first person (when the narrator is a character in the story) or in third person (when the narrator is not a character, but an observer of the story).
