Read paragraph 1 of the draft of Franklin D. Roosevelt's Day of Infamy speech and then listen to the audio recording.

Why does Roosevelt begin his speech by addressing his audience
when the draft includes no such address?

O By addressing his live audience directly, Roosevelt
creates intimacy and stresses that everyone must
listen carefully to what he is about to say.

O Speaking directly to his audience evokes a strong
emotional reaction in those members of Congress who
have been involved in peace talks.

O Roosevelt addresses his audience to ensure that only
a select few people remain in the room to hear what he
has to say about the Japanese attack.

O Roosevelt begins the speech by addressing those
listening in order to establish his authority over his
audience and to make the Japanese feel threatened.