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Polythene is the solid formed when ethene gas is compressed at high temperature.
What is polythene and how it is made?
Specifically used to keep food fresh or to keep items dry, polythene is a form of plastic that is produced into thin sheets or bags.
Each year, well over 80 million tonnes of poly(ethene), also known as polyethylene and polythene, are produced, making it the most significant plastic in the world. More than 60% of the ethene produced annually is due to this.
Three different processes are used to make HDPE(high density polythene). All of them function in the presence of an inorganic or Ziegler-Natta catalyst at relatively low pressures (10–80 atm). Between 350 and 420 K are the usual temperatures. In each of the three procedures, ethene and hydrogen are combined to regulate the polymer's chain length.
What is ethene gas?
Ethene (H2C=CH2) is a gaseous by-product of the long-chain hydrocarbons that are cracked to create highly sought-after goods like gasoline and aviation fuels.
When pure, ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene), a hydrocarbon, smells faintly "sweet and musky." It is a combustible gas. It is the most basic alkene (a hydrocarbon with carbon-carbon double bonds).
The production of ethylene, which is used extensively in the chemical industry, far outpaces that of any other organic compound globally. A large portion of this production is utilised to create polyethylene, a common plastic made of polymer chains of ethylene units in different chain lengths. In agriculture, ethylene, a crucial natural plant hormone, is employed to accelerate the ripening of fruits. Ethanol is ethylene's hydrate.
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