Answer:
pH Levels
Explanation:
Acid rain refers to precipitation that contains an elevated level of hydrogen ions. It has harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, buildings and sculpture.
Acid rain alters the pH of surface waters leading to a sudden increase in acidity. This negatively affects organisms with low tolerance for the sudden upward surge in H^+ concentration.
If the geologists are to study surface waters in order to determine the effects of acid rain, then they have to study the pH of the water.