The endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells were once prokaryotes engulfed by an early eukaryote.
The lines of evidence for this theory include:
- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA that resembles DNA from prokaryotic organisms (i.e., a circular DNA molecule).
- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have bacteria-like ribosomes.
- Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have a double membrane structure, i.e. an inner membrane and an outer membrane.
- Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a similar size as prokaryotic cells.
In conclusion, the endosymbiotic theory is a well-supported theory and states that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once prokaryotes that were engulfed by an early eukaryote.
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