When dissolved in water, acids produce [tex]\boxed{{\text{hydrogen ions}}}[/tex] .
Further explanation:
Different theories have definitions of acids and bases. These theories are as follows:
1. Arrhenius theory: According to this theory, acid produces hydrogen or hydronium ions in a solution, while the base produces hydroxide ions in a solution. HCl, [tex]{\text{HN}}{{\text{O}}_3}[/tex] and [tex]{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_4}[/tex] are Arrhenius acids while NaOH and KOH are the examples of Arrhenius bases.
2. Bronsted-Lowry theory: This theory defines acid as the proton donor and base as the proton acceptor. [tex]{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}[/tex] acts as Bronsted acid while [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{H}}_3}[/tex] is a Bronsted base.
3. Lewis theory: According to this theory, an acid accepts a pair of electrons to electron-rich species while a base donates electrons to electron-deficient species in the reaction. Examples of Lewis acids are [tex]{\text{B}}{{\text{F}}_3}[/tex] , [tex]{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_3}[/tex] while [tex]{{\text{H}}_2}{\text{O}}[/tex] and ROH are the examples of Lewis base.
According to Arrhenius's theory, acid is the substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions. So hydrogen ions are produced by acids when these are dissolved in water.
The dissociation of HCl in water occurs as follows:
[tex]{\text{HCl}}\xrightarrow{{{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}}}{{\text{H}}^ + }+{\text{C}}{{\text{l}}^ - }[/tex]
HCl produces [tex]{{\text{H}}^+}[/tex] ions in water and therefore it is an acid.
Learn more:
1. The reason for the acidity of water https://brainly.com/question/1550328
2. Reason for the acidic and basic nature of amino acid. https://brainly.com/question/5050077
Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Acid, base and salts
Keywords: acid, base, electrons, protons, Arrhenius theory, Lewis theory, Bronsted-Lowry theory, hydrogen, hydronium ion, hydroxide ion, accept, donate.
When acid dissolves in water, it produces hydrogen ions.
An acid is a chemical substance that when dissolved in water produces hydrogen ion. Most acids are comprised of a hydrogen atom bonded which can dissociate to produce an anion or cation when dissolves in water.
There are different ways an acid can be defined, when we say an acid, then we mean an Arrhenius or Brønsted-Lowry acid. Acids are giving different definitions simply because different acids do not possess the same molecules.
Arrhenius Acid: based on this theory, an acid is a chemical substance when added to water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions
Brønsted-Lowry Acid: according to this theory, an acid is a material that has the capacity to acts as a proton donor
Lewis Acid: according to this theory, an acid is a compound that can accept the pair of an electron to form a covalent bond.
Properties of an acid
Examples of acids include:
Acids can also be classified as a weak acid or a strong acid but it depends on how they dissolve their ions in water
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