Respuesta :
Answer:
(a) Phosphodiester - joins adjacent nucleotides in one strand
(b) N-glycosidic - links base to pentose in nucleotide
(c) Phosphate ester - difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide
(d) Hydrogen - joins complementary nucleotides in two strands
Explanation:
Phosphodiester linkage: One nucleotide in a strand of DNA/RNA is joined to another nucleotide with the help of a phosphodiester bond in which 3' carbon atom of one sugar molecule is linked to the 5' carbon atom of the adjacent nucleotide. It is a covalent bond which is formed between two sugars and a phosphate group so as to make sugar phosphate backbone of DNA and RNA.
N-glycosidic linkage: This bond exists between a sugar molecule and a nitrogenous base. For example: The first carbon of ribose sugar interacts with N1 of pyrimidine base so as to form N-glycosidic bond.
Phosphate ester: The difference between a nucleotide and a nucleoside is that a nucleoside lacks a phosphate group so it means a nucleoside will only have a sugar molecule attached to the nitrogenous base. In contrast to this, a nucleotide will have all three components i.e. a sugar molecule attached to the nitrogenous base along with that it will have a phosphate group attached to the sugar molecule through covalent phosphodiester bond. By all this we can easily infer that the only difference between a nucleotide and nucleoside is of phosphate ester.
Hydrogen bond: The complementary nucleotides in two anti parallel helices of DNA are joined with each other with the help of hydrogen bond, it is also known as Watson–Crick base pairing. A and T of two strands interact with the help of 2 hydrogen bonds while C and G interact with the help of 3 hydrogen bonds.
Phosphodiester joins the adjacent nucleotides in one strand, N-glycosidic links base to pentose in one strand, phosphate ester is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide, and hydrogen bond joins complementary nucleotides in two strands.
• The bond present in between the bases of the one -strand which forms between the 3 prime carbon atom of one sugar molecule with the 5 prime carbon atom of the another and stabilizes the composition of DNA is the phosphodiester bond.
• The bond, which stabilizes the DNA by producing bonds between the complementary bases in two strands is the hydrogen bond.
• The binding of nitrogen base with pentose sugar is known as nucleoside, while the bonding of the phosphate ester to the nucleoside is known as the nucleotide.
• The bond, which joins the bases to pentose in nucleotide is known as the N-glycosidic bond.
Thus, Phosphodiester joins the adjacent nucleotides in one strand, N-glycosidic links base to pentose in one strand, phosphate ester is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide, and hydrogen bond joins complementary nucleotides in two strands.
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