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Natural gas at and standard atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi (abs) is compressed isentropically to a new absolute pressure of 70 psi. Determine the final density and temperature of the gas.

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Complete question:

Natural gas at 70 ⁰F and standard atmospheric pressure of 14.7 psi (abs) is compressed isentropically to a new absolute pressure of 70 psi.  Determine the final density and temperature of the gas.

Answer:

The final density of the natural gas is 0.004243 slugs/ftÂł and

The final temperature of the natural gas is 306.6 ⁰F

Explanation:

For Ideal gas: P = ρRT

R  is ideal gas constant =  3.099 x 10³  ft lb / slug⁰R

T₁ is initial temperature = 70 ⁰F = (70+460)⁰R = 530⁰R

P₁ is intial pressure of the gas = 14.7 psi = (14.7 lb/in² X 144 in²/ft²) = 2116.8 lb/ft²

From the ideal gas equation, we calculate initial density of the natural gas:

ρ₁ = P/RT ⇒ 2116.8/(3.099 x 10³ X 530) = 0.001289 slugs/ft³

For isentropic process:

[tex]\frac{P}{\rho^K} = Constant[/tex]

where  K  is the ratio of specific heats for natural gas; K  =  1.31, Therefore

[tex]\frac{P_1}{\rho_1^{K}} = \frac{P_2}{\rho_2^{K}} ,\rho_2^K = (\frac{P_2}{P_1})\rho_1^K , \rho_2 = (\frac{P_2}{P_1})^\frac{1}{K} \rho_1[/tex]

[tex]\rho_2 = (\frac{70}{14.7})^\frac{1}{1.31} (0.001289) = (4.7619)^{0.76336}(0.001289) =[/tex] 0.004243 slugs/ftÂł

Final density; ρ₂ = 4.243 X10⁻³ slugs/ft³

From ideal gas equation; P = ρRT

P₂ = ρ₂RT₂

T₂ = P₂/ρ₂R

P₂ (lb/ft²) =  (70 lb/in²)( 144 in²/ft²) = 10080 lb/ft²

T₂ = 10080/(0.004243 X 3099)

T₂ = 766.6⁰R

Final Temperature; T₂ = (766.6-460)⁰F = 306.6⁰F

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