The ____ Plan called for a one-house legislature in which each state would cast only one vote. The ____ Plan called for a Congress of two houses in which the total number of delegates would be divided among the states according to the free population of each state.

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Answer:

The correct answer is  New Jersey; Virginia.

Explanation:

The New Jersey Plan (1787), proposed by William Paterson (1793-1806) at the Constitutional Convention,  suggested a one-vote-per-state representation under one legislative body for as part of the core structure of the U.S. Government.  

The Virginia Plan (1787), drafted by James Madison (1809-1817) and presented as well in the Constitutional Convention, proposed a bicameral legislative branch. In this governmental structure, each state would be represented proportionally to the number of free inhabitants they had. The smallest states, of course, were disfavored by this.