Answer:
d. psychological testing of personality disorders
Explanation:
According to my research on studies conducted by various psychologists, I can say that based on the information provided within the question the element that is not a sub-area is psychological testing of personality disorders. This is can be said because this measures extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and intellect/imagination, but does not focus on the physical effects it may have on the body.
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