Keith, Paul, and Mike are three teenage boys from outside of Pittsburgh, PA, who have struggled to fit in with the other kids in athletics, as well as academically. They come from traditional blue-collar families and, based on socioeconomic status, would be considered low class. Mike, Paul, and Keith decide to steal a bunch of oranges from a market, and instead of eating them, throw them down the drain and waste them so that the store owner can feel their pain. This is a very malicious act and clearly is non-utilitarian. The theory that is best supported here would be ______.